Essay on Satire - Satirizing Optimism in Voltaires Candide :: Candide essays

Satirizing Optimism in Candide Candide is a humorous, far-fetched tale by Voltaire satirizing the optimism promoted by the philosophers of the Age of Enlightenment. It is the story of a fresh mans adventures end-to-end the world, where he witnesses evil and calamity. Throughout his travels, he adheres to the teachings of his tutor, Pangloss, believing that wholly is for the best in the best of all workable worlds, (Voltaire 4). Candide is Voltaires answer to what he saw as an absurd belief proposed by the Optimists. Candide...is a ponderous antiaircraft gun on philosophical Optimism and, through it, all philosophical systems that require falsely to justify the presence of evil in the world, (Mason 1). Candide anatomizes the worlds potential for fortuity and examines the corresponding human capacity for optimism, (Bell 1). Though he was by no means a pessimist, Voltaire refused to consider that what happens is always for the best. The Age of Enlightenment is a term applied t o a wide variety of ideas and advances in the palm of philosophy, science, and medicine. The main feature of Enlightenment philosophy is the belief that people fag actively work to create a better world. It is customary to dumbfound Candide as the result of Voltaires reaction to Leibniz and Pope,(Wade 1) two of the main philosophers of the enlightenment era. trance Voltaires Candide is heavily characterized by the primary concerns of the Enlightenment, it also criticizes certain aspects of the movement. It attacks the idea of optimism, which states that sane thought can inhibit the evils perpetrated by human beings. Voltaire did not believe in the power of reason to overcome contemporary social conditions. The attack on the claim that this is the best of all possible worlds is apparent throughout the entire novel. Throughout the story, satirical references to this theme contrast with natural disaster and human wrongdoing. When reunited with the diseased and dying Pangloss, who had contracted syphilis, Candide asks if the Devil is at fault. Pangloss only when responds that the disease was a necessity in this the best of all possible worlds, for it was brought to Europe by Columbus men, who also brought chocolate and cochineal, two greater goods that salubrious offset any negative effects of the disease, (Voltaire 17). The multitudes of disasters, which Candide undergoes, leads to the abandonment of his belief in optimism. When asked Whats optimism? by Cacambo, Candide replies, Alas.